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)

Trends in application of foil gas bearings in GTU and GTE supports (review)

The paper presents an overview advantages and disadvantages, and also of possibilities of gas foil bearings application in gas turbine engine and gas turbine unit rotor supports. The history of gas bearing designs evolution is presented including options for hybridization of the gas bearings using supercharging and/or electromagnetic forces to reduce wear during start-shutdown and increase load capacity in operating regimes. The possibilities of gas foil bearings scaling for rotors of various dimensions are examined. CIAM's studies on application of gas foil bearings in supports of existing and developed gas turbine engine and gas turbine unit are presented.

Keywords: gas turbine engine, gas foil bearing, "dry" engine, aerostatic bearing, gasodynamic bearing.

Temis M.Yu., Gavrilov V.V.

Fiber optic method of tip clearance measurement in compressor

The article presents a description of the tip clearance measurement system in turbomachines using fiber optic pairs based on the STM32F4 industrial microcontroller. The structure and functionality of a key element of the system are described in detail – registration of measured parameters in a central experimental database of the DBMS MS SQL SERVER EXPRESS. The article indicates the main results of system tests at the test facilities of Central Institute of Aviation Motors.

Keywords: tip clearance, compressor, turbomachine, fiber optic pair, client-server technologies, SQL, time synchronization.

Steshakov E.G., Molokovich I.N.

Reduction of aviation gear’s vibration

The computational study of the influence of main sources of vibration excitation in gears on dynamic loads in a transmission was carried out based on developed dynamic models of spur and bevel gears. Particular properties of the excitation of torsional and bending vibrations in high-loaded gears were identified. Recommendations were made to reduce dynamic loads in gearing by choosing optimal profile modification parameters for spur gears and choosing coulomb-friction damper design and an optimal compressive force for bevel gears.

Keywords: gears, dynamic model, vibration, coulomb-friction damper.

Kozharinov E.V., Kalinin D.V., Golovanov V.V.

Numerical modeling of plasma actuator operational process based on dielectric barrier discharge

Based on the drift-diffusion approximation of hydrodynamic method for describing plasma in a multicomponent two-temperature approximation, a mathematical model of the interaction between a plasma actuator using dielectric barrier discharge and surrounding air was developed and programmatically implemented. It was shown that electron temperature is the main factor affecting charge distribution. Characteristics of the Debay sheath near electrodes were obtained and position of the “active” volume in which the volume force is generated was analyzed based on distribution of volume density of charges and ions.

Keywords: dielectric barrier discharge, air ionization, drift-diffusion approximation, alternate direction implicit method, plasma actuator.

Semenev P.A., Toktaliev P.D.

Study of seals influence to high speed rotor oscillations


Results of a calculation analysis of the influence of flowpath seals’ parameters on the dynamic characteristics of high-speed turbomachine rotors are presented. It is shown that the following factors cause decrease in amplitude of oscillations of a rotor when going through the resonance: increase in density of the working fluid, increase in pressure drop across the seal, reduction of the radial sealing gap, and increase in axial length of the seal. These same factors lead to a multidirectional change in the value of the critical rotor speed compared to the critical rotor speed determined without taking into account the seals.

Keywords: seal, rotor, oscillations, critical rotor speed, radial clearance, pressure drop.

Ivanov A.V.

Bench bird strike testing of non-rotating fan blade

The article describes bench bird strike testing of an aero-engine fan sector, which consisted of three non-rotating blades. The tests were carried out on a modified CIAM ballistic rig. A large bird weighing ~ 2,8 kg and two birds weighing ~ 1,4 kg, simulating halves of a large bird cut by a blade, were shot at different blade airfoil sections using an air gun at a speed of up to 270 m/s and attack angles corresponding to rotation conditions. The tests revealed the conditions and allocations of the most likely occurrence of increased deformations and destruction of fan blades due to collision with a large bird.

Keywords: fan blade, bird-resistance, air gun, bench test.

Shorr B.F., Gladky I.L., Mel’nikova G.V., Petrov S.B., Nikiforov V.S., Serebryakov N.N., Matsarenko V.S., Novoselov A.V.

Application prospects of turbo-compound aircraft piston engines

It has been shown that the efficiency of aircraft piston engines can be improved using a turbine driven by the flow of exhaust gases. Results of operation simulation of two turbo-compound engines confirmed a significant increase in power and a decrease in specific effective fuel consumption. Based on the research, a concept was developed to create a family of promising turbo-compound aircraft piston engines.

Keywords: turbo-compound, aviation piston engine, diesel engine, gasoline engine, four-stroke engine.

Kostuchenkov A.N., Baryshnikov S.I.

Experiment-calculated analysis of working process of piston engine adapted to aviation application

The paper considers features of the working process of a piston engine, adapted for use in aviation, and investigates various variants of the aircraft engine design both turbocharged and supercharged. Main parameters of the engine operation at ground level are determined based on developed mathematical models. The calculated results were confirmed during tests on brake and airscrew test rigs. Boundary conditions for further evaluation of the engine performance and life under the conditions of a flight cycle are obtained.

Keywords: piston engine, aircraft engine, working process, mathematical simulation.

Finkelberg L.A., Kostuchenkov A.N., Zelentsov A.A.

Development prospects of aircraft piston engine-building in Russia

The paper presents outlook for perspective aircraft piston engine. The current state of aircraft piston engine industry in Russia is examined. Main problems and reasons for slower development of competitive engines for small aircraft have been analyzed. Main areas for possible industry development are defined.

Keywords: aircraft piston engine, internal combustion engine, diesel engine, conversion.

Gordin M.V., Finkelberg L.A., Semenov P.V.